Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is increasingly recognized as a common health concern among young women today. It is a hormonal issue occurring during the reproductive years, affecting between 4 and 20 percent of women worldwide, according to experts.
PCOS is characterized by abnormally elevated androgen levels, causing multiple physical and hormonal symptoms. It appears as numerous small cysts within the ovaries, leading to disrupted ovulation and increased androgen levels. Common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth, weight gain, acne, and infertility. While the exact cause remains uncertain, significant contributing factors include insulin resistance, obesity, and genetics.
Dr. Amal Hassan Abddelaziz, Head of Obstetrics and Gynaecology-Consultant at Thumbay University Hospital Ajman, emphasized that managing PCOS requires more than medication alone—it also involves regular screenings and lifestyle modifications. 
“Although prescription medications are essential, regular screenings and lifestyle changes play a vital role in managing this hormonal disorder,” she explained, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive approach.
Managing PCOS
Amal Bassam, a 30-year-old mother of two, was diagnosed with PCOS at the age of 17. She told Khaleej Times, “When I maintained a healthy lifestyle, my symptoms improved significantly. During my keto diet, my menstrual cycle became regular, and my PCOS symptoms disappeared.”
Despite the difficulties, Amal successfully conceived naturally due to her dedication to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. “After giving birth, doctors were amazed and asked how I got pregnant without treatment. I explained to them my commitment to healthy eating and regular exercise,” she shared.
Doctors suggest managing PCOS through lifestyle adjustments combined with medical interventions. A nutritious diet, regular physical activity, and weight control are essential to alleviating symptoms and enhancing insulin sensitivity. For women planning pregnancy, ovulation-inducing medications might be required. Early detection and ongoing management can help reduce long-term health complications like diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and endometrial cancer.
Impact on physical and mental health
Dr. Maha Shahin, Consultant in Obstetrics and Gynecology at Medcare Hospital, Sharjah, emphasized that the impact of PCOS extends beyond physical symptoms. “PCOS can severely affect a woman’s self-esteem and body image,” she noted. “It can significantly influence self-confidence and body perception.”
She added, “If a close relative such as a mother, sister, or aunt has PCOS, your risk increases. Obesity and insulin resistance further heighten this risk.” Insulin resistance is closely associated with PCOS as it contributes to higher androgen levels and ovarian cyst development.
Variability in PCOS
Dr. Shahin also mentioned the variability in PCOS symptoms among women. “PCOS presents differently from one individual to another. Not everyone experiences the same symptoms or severity.”
She explained that young women today are becoming more aware due to greater access to information online. “They search their symptoms online, becoming better informed and consequently visiting their doctors more frequently.”
Nevertheless, the modern lifestyle is causing an increase in PCOS cases. “Factors such as consumption habits, lack of physical activity, and stress contribute significantly,” Dr. Shahin added.
Doctors stress that lifestyle changes, including a nutritious diet and regular exercise, are essential for managing symptoms and improving insulin sensitivity. Timely diagnosis and consistent management help in minimizing long-term health risks.
